What role does the center of gravity play in aircraft stability?

The center of gravity (CG) plays a crucial role in the stability of an aircraft. Proper placement of the CG is essential for ensuring that the aircraft remains controllable during flight. When the center of gravity is located within specific parameters—typically near the center of lift— the aircraft experiences balanced aerodynamic forces, which contributes to stable flight behavior.

Optimal CG placement affects how the aircraft responds to control inputs and external disturbances. For instance, if the CG is too far forward, the aircraft may become nose-heavy and harder to pull up or climb. Conversely, if it is too far aft, the aircraft may become tail-heavy, which can lead to difficulty in controlling the descent and recovery from stalls.

The correct placement of the center of gravity enhances stability by maintaining appropriate balance, improving control responses, and ensuring safe operation throughout various phases of flight. This is why understanding the position of the CG is vital for aviation maintenance and design.